| Purification and Quality Control | The His-tag recombinant protein is purified by affinity chromatography in combination with FPLC columns. The purified RAR-gamma is greater than 95% homogeneous based on SDS-PAGE analysis. |
| Unit Definition (Activity) | 1 unit equals 1 nanogram of purified protein. 20 ng is sufficient for an in vitro transcription assay and 100 ng is sufficient for a protein-protein interaction assay. Variable exist in different lots. |
| Applications | RARγ can be applied in DNA and protein-protein interaction assays. |
| Formulation and Storage | The protein is in 20mM Tris-HCl pH7.9,100mM NaCl, 0.2mM EDTA, 1mM DTT and 20% glycerol. Stored at -70°C before use. Avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. |
| Synonym | NR1B3; RARG and RARC. |
| Protein Sequence | MATNKERLFA AGALGPGSGY PGAGFPFAFP GALRGSPPFE MLSPSFRGLG QPDLPKEMAS
LSVETQSTSS EEMVPSSPSP PPPPRVYKPC FVCNDKSSGY HYGVSSCEGC KGFFRRSIQK
NMVYTCHRDK NCIINKVTRN RCQYCRLQKC FEVGMSKEAV RNDRNKKKKE VKEEGSPDSY
ELSPQLEELI TKVSKAHQET FPSLCQLGKY TTNSSADHRV QLDLGLWDKF SELATKCIIK
IVEFAKRLPG FTGLSIADQI TLLKAACLDI LMLRICTRYT PEQDTMTFSD GLTLNRTQMH
NAGFGPLTDL VFAFAGQLLP LEMDDTETGL LSAICLICGD RMDLEEPEKV DKLQEPLLEA
LRLYARRRRP SQPYMFPRML MKITDLRGIS TKGAERAITL KMEIPGPMPP LIREMLENPE
MFEDDSSQPG PHPNASSEDE VPGGQGKGGL KSPA |
| Background | Retinoic acid receptors are important in the regulation of growth and differentiation of epithelial tissues, embryonic and central nervous system development and hematopoiesis (1). Retinoids mediate their effect by two classes of nuclear receptor proteins, the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and the retinoid X receptors (RXRs), that each consist of three isotypes (α, β, and γ) encoded in separate genes (2). Upon dimerization with RXR, RARs can bind to specific enhancer sequences in the DNA, so-called retinoic acid response elements (RAREs), resulting in transcriptional activation of target genes in the presence of ligand (3). The RAR-gamma in the adult is found almost exclusively in the skin (4). Retinoids affect epidermal cell growth and differentiation as well as sebaceous gland activity and exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties (5). Current retinoid research targets the development of receptor-selective retinoids for tailoring and/or improving their therapeutic profile (6). |
| References | 1. Kastner et al. (1995) Cell, 83, 859-869
2. Leid et al., (1992) Trends Biochem. Sci. 17, 427-433
3. Linney et al., (1992) Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 27, 309-350
4. Rees J. (1992) Br. J. Dermatology 126, 97-104
5. Orphanos et al., (1997) Drugs 53, 358-388
6. Zhao et al., (2003) J. Biomed. Sci. 10, 44-49 |
